Discounts:
Current State
At present Vista uses a billing extension for the purposes of generating revenue and invoices. However, Vista also has customers for which they apply discounts. Due to the implementation of the billing extension the standard Discount functionality is not available therefore, the coding for the extension needs to be updated to take the discounts into account.
Approach
The billing extension will be modified to identify if a discount has been assigned on the project per the screen shots below:
When a labor discount is identified the revenue and invoice amounts will be reduced by the amount of the discount.
Standard Process in Oracle Receivables
1. Overview
Receivables lets you apply discounts to your customers when they pay for their invoices before a certain date. Discounts are determined by the payment terms you assign to your customers. You can also choose whether to allow discounts for partial payments and specify how you want Receivables to calculate the discount on your invoices.
Earned Discount: An earned discount is a discount you give to a customer who pays on or before the discount date or within the discount grace period. For example, a customer may earn a 2% discount on the original invoice if payment is received within 10 days. The earned discount period is determined by the invoice date, apply date of the receipt and any discount grace days.
When determining the discount percent for earned discounts, Receivables uses the invoice date, discount grace days, and the apply date of the receipt to determine the discount percentage for this payment term
Unearned Discount: Unearned discounts are discounts that you allow after the earned discount period has passed. The default discount taken is zero if the discount is unearned.
When determining the discount percent for unearned discounts, Receivables uses the maximum discount allowed for this payment term. To allow unearned discounts, set Allow Unearned Discounts to Yes in the System Options window
Entering Discounts:
Formulas Used to Calculate Discounts
Maximum Discount
Use the following formula to determine the maximum discount amount:
Maximum Discount = Amount Due Original * Highest Discount Percent - Discount Taken
Earned Discounts and Partial Payments Allowed
If the receipt amount is more than the amount due remaining less the discount, Receivables uses the following formula to determine the earned discount:
Earned Discount = Amount Due Remaining * Discount Percent
If the receipt amount is either the same or less than the amount due remaining less the discount, Receivables uses the following formula to determine the earned discount:
Earned Discount = (Receipt Amount * Discount Percent) / 1 - Discount Percent.
Unearned Discounts with Partial Payment Discounts Allowed
Receivables use the following formula to determine unearned discounts if partial payments are allowed:
Unearned Discount = Maximum Discount - Earned Discount
Earned Discounts with Partial Payment Discounts Not Allowed
If the Allow Discount on The partial Payments check box for your payment terms is not checked, Receivables only takes discounts if the receipt amount closes the installment
Receivables use the following formula to determine earned discounts if partial payment discounts are not allowed:
Earned Discount = Amount Due Original * Discount Percent
Unearned Discounts and Partial Payments Not Allowed
If the Allow Discount on Partial Payments check box for your payment terms is not checked, Receivables only takes discounts if the receipt amount closes the installment.
Receivables use the following formula to determine unearned discounts if partial payments are not allowed:
Unearned Discount = Amount Due Original * Maximum Discount Percent - Earned Discount
Discount on Lines Only
If the Discount Basis option for your payment term is set to Lines Only, Receivables does not take discounts on receipt amounts applied to tax, freight, or late charges and uses the following formula to determine the discount amount:
Line Percent = Discount Percent * (Sum of Lines + Sum of Line Adjustments - Sum of
Line Credits / Amount Due Original + Sum of Adjustments - Sum of Credits)
Once you determine the discount line percent, use this as the discount percent in the formulas above.
2. Setup for Discounts
2.1. Setup Payment Terms
Define your payment terms in the Payment Terms window. Enter a discount percent, choose whether to allow discounts on partial payments and select a discount basis.
Responsibility: Receivables Manager
Navigation: Setup > Transactions > Payment Terms
Define your payment terms in the Payment Terms window. Enter a discount percent, choose whether to allow discounts on partial payments and select a discount basis.
Click the Discounts push button
2.2 Setup System Options
Choose whether to allow partial and unearned discounts in the System Options window.
Responsibility: Receivables Manager
Navigation: Setup > System > System Options > Miscellaneous tab
In Vision demo instance:
2.3 Define earned and unearned discount accounts
Define your earned and unearned discount accounts in the Bank Accounts window
Responsibility: Receivables Manager
Navigation: Setup > Receipts >Receipt Classes > Query the class
Choose the Receipt Method >
Click Bank Accounts to navigate to Remittance Bank Accounts window
In the GL Accounts tab
Earned and Unearned discounts are the receivable activities that need to be selected here
2.4 Setup Customer to allow discounts
Choose whether to allow discounts and assign discount grace days to your customers in the Customer Profile Classes window or the Profile: Transaction tabbed region of the Customers window.
The values you define in the Customers window take precedence over those in the Customer Profile Classes window.
Responsibility: Receivables Manager
Navigation: Customer > Profile Classes
3. Defaulting Discount Amounts
When entering receipts manually, Receivables determines whether discounts are allowed based on the payment terms, discount grace days, system options, transaction date, and receipt apply date. If discounts are allowed, Receivables determines the amount of earned and unearned discounts and displays this information in the Discount field.
Receivables defaults applied receipt amounts into the receipt application windows. The default amount applied is the remaining amount of the transaction, less any available discount. However, if the remaining amount of the receipt is less then the balance of the transaction, the default amount applied is the remaining amount of the receipt and Receivables takes the discount available on the transaction.
Discounts are calculated based on the following setups:
1. Payment Term with Billing Cycle Assigned.
2. Payment Term without a Billing Cycle.
Discount Date calculation:
Code Used: AR_TRX_DISCOUNTS_V
1. Payment Term with Billing Cycle Assigned.
The discount date is calculated based on the Billing Date.
This is true whether the customer/customer site/transaction is enabled for Balance Forward Billing or not.
Example:
A.
Create payment term: Due15th, Cut25
Billing Cycle (Cutoff-day)
-- Day of Month: 25
Payment Schedule
-- Day of Month: 15
-- Months Ahead: 1
Discount
-- Day of Month: 01
-- Months Ahead: 1
-- Percent : 10
case 1(Discount to be calculated based on billing date):
Transaction created with
Trx_date : 26-JUN-2015
Billing_date : 25-JUL-2015
Due_date : 15-AUG-2015
Discount_date : 01-AUG-2015
case 2(Discount to be calculated based on billing date):
Transaction created with
Trx_date : 24-JUN-2015
Billing_date : 25-JUN-2015
Due_date : 15-JUL-2015
Discount_date : 01-JUL-2015
B.
Create payment term: Due15th,Cut25
Billing Cycle (Cutoff-day)
-- Day of Month: 25
Payment Schedule
-- Day of Month: 15
-- Months Ahead: 1
Discount
-- Days : 10
-- Percent : 10
Transaction created with
Trx_date : 26-JUN-2015
Billing_date : 25-JUL-2015
Due_date : 15-AUG-2015
Discount_date : 04-AUG-2015
2. Payment Term without Billing Cycle
The discount date is calculated based on the Transaction Date.
Example:
A.
Create payment term: Due15th
Payment Schedule
-- Day of Month: 15
-- Months Ahead: 1
Discount
-- Day of Month: 01
-- Months Ahead: 1
-- Percent : 10
case 1(Discount to be calculated based on Trx_date):
Transaction created with
Trx_date : 26-JUN-2015
Due_date : 15-JUL-2015
Discount_date : 01-JUL-2015
case 2(Discount to be calculated based on Trx_date):
--------------------------------------------------------
Transaction created with
Trx_date : 24-JUN-2015
Due_date : 15-JUL-2015
Discount_date : 01-JUL-2015
B.
Create payment term: Due15th
Payment Schedule
-- Day of Month: 15
-- Months Ahead: 1
Discount
-- Days : 10
-- Percent : 10
Transaction created with
Trx_date : 26-JUN-2015
Due_date : 15-JUL-2015
Discount_date: 04-JUL-2015
Discount Rounding calculated for earned Discounts for Receipts within Oracle Receivables.
The example below, which will explain how Discount Rounding is calculated
Following are the terms:
1. Payment Terms/Discount on line -3% (days 30)
2. Tax rounding in system options -nearest/precision 2
3. Customer discount at site level-Allow discount (checked), grace days 0.
4. Tax inclusive rate 7 %
.
Casse1:
1.Create a transaction of line 1346.17, tax calculates to 94.23
2.Create a receipt of 1400.01
3.Apply receipt to invoice.
4. Before saving, the discount amount is 40.39 (40.385) -Rounded Up-
.
Case 2:
1.Create a transaction of line 5025.5, tax calculates to 351.79
2.Create a receipt of 5377.29
3.Apply receipt to invoice.
4. Before saving, the discount amount is 150.76 (150.765). -Rounded Down-
The reason behind the discounts being rounding to different sides in the above cases is due to the fact that system also takes the division of the line amount by the total invoice amount and amount due remaining into account while doing discount calculation. In the two test cases above there is a difference in the in the interim calculations due to which the final values are coming different.
This is how it is getting calculated in these two test cases (short names used):
Case 1:
L1: 1346.17 T1: 94.23, amt due remaining = 1440.4
l_multiplier = 1346.17/1440.4 = 934580672
disc pct = .03 , earned disc pct = 0.03 * 934580672 = .02803742016
Now earned discount uses amt due remaining in its calculation here:
earned discount = earned disc pct * amount due remaining.
so it is = .02803742016 * 1440.4 = 40.385099998464
This rounded off to 40.39 standard PL-SQL ROUND function.
Case 2:
L1: 5025.5 , T1: 351.79 , amt due remaining = 5377.29
l_multiplier : 5025.2/5377.29 = .9345785702
disc pct = .03 , earned disc pct = 0.03 * .9345785702 = .028037357106
Here the earned discount comes to be :
.028037357106 * 5377.29 = 150.76499999252274 which now finally Rounds to 150.76.
Hence the difference. So there may be differences due to difft l_multiplier values and its
product with amount due remaining values.
To add conclusion to above discussion, the discount calculation does not takes into account any
rounding rule defined anywhere, whether in the system options or in the currency details. The rounding rule which is defined in the system options is for TAX rounding and has nothing to do with discounts. So there is no such rule that discount should only round in any particular direction- up or down or nearest. It takes final value depending upon above calculations.
The following table’s stores discount amount information:
Similar to AP in AR the AR_PAYMENT_SCHEDULES_ALL table captures the discount details
ZX_LINES_DET_FACTORS.CASH_DISCOUNT
AR_RECEIVABLE_APPLICATIONS_ALL.LINE_EDISCOUNTED
AR_RECEIVABLE_APPLICATIONS_ALL.ACCTD_EARNED_DISCOUNT_TAKEN
AR_RECEIVABLE_APPLICATIONS_ALL.EARNED_DISCOUNT_TAKEN
AR_PAYMENT_SCHEDULES_ALL.DISCOUNT_REMAINING
AR_PAYMENT_SCHEDULES_ALL.DISCOUNT_TAKEN_EARNED
